The Role of Hypnosis in Weight Loss and Obesity Management

Temps de lecture
3 min

Obesity is a global health concern, with an increasing number of people suffering from weight-related complications, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and some cancers [1].

Despite numerous weight loss programs and methods available, the challenge of shedding excess weight and maintaining a healthy lifestyle remains a significant hurdle for many. Traditional weight loss approaches, including diet and exercise, often fail to address the psychological factors underlying poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyles.

In recent years, alternative techniques such as hypnosis have gained attention for their potential in addressing the mental aspects of weight management and supporting long-term success [2].Hypnosis, a state of deep relaxation and heightened focus, has long been associated with various therapeutic applications [3]. However, misconceptions and skepticism have led to misunderstandings about the true nature and efficacy of this practice. Contrary to popular belief, hypnosis does not involve mind control or unconsciousness, but rather harnesses the power of suggestion to facilitate positive behavioral changes [4].

This article aims to explore the role of hypnosis in weight loss and obesity management, providing a comprehensive understanding of the science behind this technique and its potential benefits for those struggling with weight issues.

The mind plays a crucial role in determining our eating habits and relationship with food.

Hypnosis taps into this connection, offering a tool for behavior modification in areas such as emotional eating, portion control, and food choices. Additionally, hypnotherapy can help boost motivation for physical activity, further supporting weight loss efforts [5]. By combining hypnosis with traditional weight loss strategies, individuals can develop a comprehensive plan for sustainable weight management.

This article will delve into the process of hypnotherapy for weight loss, from setting goals with a certified hypnotherapist to tailoring sessions to individual needs. Furthermore, we will discuss the latest research on hypnosis and weight loss, comparing its effectiveness with other methods and highlighting the need for further study.

Lastly, we will provide guidance on finding a certified hypnotherapist and incorporating hypnosis into a personalized weight loss plan.

Patient in coaching hypnosis session

Understanding Hypnosis

Free medical consultation
*free UK calling (home phone/smartphone).

 

Hypnosis, often misunderstood and surrounded by myths, is a powerful tool that can be utilized for a wide range of therapeutic applications, including weight loss and obesity management.

To fully appreciate its potential in this context, it is essential first to gain a clear understanding of what hypnosis is and how it works.

A. Definition and explanation of hypnosis

Hypnosis is a natural, altered state of consciousness characterized by deep relaxation, heightened focus, and increased responsiveness to suggestions [6]. It is not sleep, unconsciousness, or mind control, as often portrayed in popular media. Instead, hypnosis allows individuals to access their subconscious mind, where habits and patterns are formed, and facilitates the incorporation of new, positive behaviors [7].

When used in a therapeutic setting, hypnosis becomes "hypnotherapy" – a process in which a trained professional (hypnotherapist) helps clients achieve desired behavioral changes through the power of suggestion [4].

B. Myths and misconceptions about hypnosis

There are several prevalent myths and misconceptions surrounding hypnosis that have contributed to its controversial image. Some of the most common misunderstandings include: Hypnosis is mind control: Hypnosis does not give the hypnotherapist control over a person's thoughts, feelings, or actions.

Instead, it enables individuals to become more open to suggestions that align with their goals and values [4]. Only weak-minded individuals can be hypnotized: Hypnotizability is not related to intelligence, gullibility, or mental weakness. In fact, research has shown that individuals with higher cognitive abilities are often more responsive to hypnosis [6].

People can get "stuck" in a hypnotic state: The idea that someone can become trapped in hypnosis is unfounded. Even if a hypnotherapist were to leave the room during a session, the client would eventually emerge from the hypnotic state on their own or simply fall asleep and wake up naturally [7]. Hypnosis involves a loss of consciousness: Hypnosis is not an unconscious state. Instead, it is an altered state of awareness in which the subject remains conscious and retains control over their actions [6].

C. The science behind hypnosis

While the exact mechanisms of hypnosis remain a topic of ongoing research, studies have identified several key components that contribute to its effectiveness. These include:

Attention and focus: During hypnosis, individuals experience heightened attention and focus, enabling them to concentrate more effectively on the suggestions provided by the hypnotherapist [8].

Dissociation: Hypnosis can create a mental separation between the conscious and subconscious mind, allowing for the direct targeting of subconscious patterns and habits without interference from conscious thoughts [9].

Suggestibility: Hypnosis increases suggestibility, making individuals more receptive to suggestions that align with their goals and values [4]. Imagery and visualization:

Hypnosis often involves the use of vivid mental imagery, which can help individuals create and strengthen new neural pathways associated with positive behaviors [10].

In conclusion, hypnosis is a natural, altered state of consciousness that has the potential to facilitate lasting behavioral changes when used appropriately in a therapeutic setting.

By dispelling common myths and misconceptions and understanding the underlying science, individuals can make informed decisions about incorporating hypnosis into their weight loss and obesity management efforts.

Hypnosis and Weight Loss

The connection between the mind and weight management is well-established, with psychological factors playing a crucial role in determining eating habits, food choices, and the motivation to exercise.

Hypnosis can address these mental aspects, offering a valuable tool for individuals seeking to modify their behavior and improve their relationship with food and physical activity.

A. The connection between the mind and weight management

Weight management is influenced not only by physiological factors but also by psychological factors such as stress, emotional eating, and self-esteem [11]. Traditional weight loss methods often focus solely on diet and exercise, neglecting the importance of addressing these underlying mental components. Hypnosis offers an alternative approach that targets the root causes of unhealthy habits, enabling individuals to develop a healthier mindset and foster long-term success in weight management.

B. Hypnosis as a tool for behavior modification

Emotional eating: Emotional eating, or the tendency to consume food in response to emotions such as stress, sadness, or boredom, is a common obstacle to weight loss [12]. Hypnosis can help individuals identify and address the triggers for emotional eating, replacing unhealthy coping mechanisms with more constructive alternatives [5].

Portion control: Overeating and difficulties with portion control can significantly hinder weight loss efforts. Hypnosis can assist individuals in developing a better understanding of hunger and satiety signals, promoting mindful eating and more appropriate portion sizes [13].

Food choices: Unhealthy food choices often contribute to weight gain and impede weight loss. Hypnotherapy can help individuals to identify and change their associations with specific foods, enabling them to make healthier choices that support their weight loss goals [14].

C. Hypnosis and exercise motivation

In addition to its impact on eating behaviors, hypnosis can also play a role in promoting regular physical activity. By enhancing motivation and reducing barriers to exercise, such as negative self-beliefs or perceived limitations, hypnosis can help individuals to incorporate regular physical activity into their daily routine [15]. This not only supports weight loss but also contributes to overall health and well-being.

IV. The Process of Hypnotherapy for Weight Loss

When utilized as part of a comprehensive weight loss plan, hypnosis can offer significant benefits for individuals seeking long-term success in managing their weight. However, it is essential to work with a certified hypnotherapist who is trained in using this approach for weight loss and obesity management.

A. Consultation with a certified hypnotherapist

The first step in incorporating hypnosis into a weight loss plan is to consult with a certified hypnotherapist. This professional will assess an individual's needs, goals, and readiness for change, ensuring that hypnosis is an appropriate and effective tool for their specific situation [5].

B. Setting weight loss goals

Together with the hypnotherapist, individuals will establish realistic and achievable weight loss goals, taking into account factors such as their starting weight, medical history, and lifestyle. These goals will serve as a foundation for the hypnotherapy sessions and provide a clear direction for the desired behavioral changes [13].

C. Tailoring hypnotherapy sessions to individual needs

Hypnotherapy sessions should be tailored to the unique needs and goals of each individual. The hypnotherapist will use a variety of techniques and suggestions to address specific behaviors, such as emotional eating or portion control, and help the client develop new, healthier habits that support their weight loss journey [14].

In conclusion, hypnosis offers a valuable tool for addressing the mental aspects of weight loss and obesity management. By working with a certified hypnotherapist and incorporating hypnosis into a comprehensive weight loss plan, individuals can develop the mindset and behaviors necessary for long-term success in managing their weight.

The Process of Hypnotherapy for Weight Loss

Free medical consultation
*free UK calling (home phone/smartphone).

 

Hypnotherapy can be a valuable tool for individuals seeking to address the psychological factors that contribute to weight gain and impede weight loss efforts.

In this section, we will discuss the process of hypnotherapy for weight loss, from consultation with a certified hypnotherapist to tailoring sessions to individual needs.

A. Consultation with a certified hypnotherapist

Before beginning hypnotherapy for weight loss, it is essential to consult with a certified hypnotherapist who is trained and experienced in this specific application [16]. During the initial consultation, the hypnotherapist will assess the individual's needs, goals, and readiness for change. This helps ensure that hypnosis is an appropriate and effective tool for the client's specific situation.

B. Setting weight loss goals

Together with the hypnotherapist, the individual will establish realistic and achievable weight loss goals that take into account factors such as starting weight, medical history, and lifestyle [17]. These goals serve as a foundation for the hypnotherapy sessions and provide a clear direction for the desired behavioral changes.

C. Tailoring hypnotherapy sessions to individual needs

Hypnotherapy sessions should be tailored to the unique needs and goals of each client. The hypnotherapist will use various techniques, such as guided imagery, progressive relaxation, and positive suggestions, to address specific behaviors and thought patterns that may be hindering weight loss efforts [18].

Some common areas of focus during hypnotherapy for weight loss include:

Emotional eating: Hypnotherapy can help individuals identify and address the triggers for emotional eating, replacing unhealthy coping mechanisms with more constructive alternatives [12].

Portion control: Hypnotherapy can assist individuals in developing a better understanding of hunger and satiety signals, promoting mindful eating and more appropriate portion sizes [13].

Food choices: Hypnotherapy can help individuals identify and change their associations with specific foods, enabling them to make healthier choices that support their weight loss goals [14].

Exercise motivation: Hypnosis can enhance motivation and reduce barriers to exercise, such as negative self-beliefs or perceived limitations, helping individuals incorporate regular physical activity into their daily routine [15].

D. Measuring progress and adjusting the approach

Throughout the hypnotherapy process, the hypnotherapist and client will regularly evaluate progress towards weight loss goals and make adjustments as needed. This may involve refining the suggestions used during sessions or addressing new challenges that arise during the weight loss journey [19].

E. Combining hypnotherapy with other weight loss strategies

For the best results, hypnotherapy should be used in conjunction with other evidence-based weight loss strategies, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and ongoing support from healthcare professionals [20].

This comprehensive approach increases the likelihood of long-term success in managing weight and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. In conclusion, the process of hypnotherapy for weight loss involves a collaborative effort between the client and the certified hypnotherapist, focusing on individual needs, goals, and challenges.

By tailoring sessions to address specific behaviors and thought patterns, hypnotherapy can be an effective tool for individuals seeking to improve their relationship with food, increase motivation for exercise, and achieve lasting weight loss success. 

Studies and Research on Hypnosis and Weight Loss

Numerous studies have examined the effectiveness of hypnosis as a weight loss intervention, often comparing it to other behavioral treatments or assessing its impact as an adjunct to traditional weight loss methods.

While results vary, many studies have demonstrated positive outcomes for individuals who incorporate hypnosis into their weight loss plans.

A. Hypnosis versus other behavioral treatments

Some research has compared the effectiveness of hypnosis to other behavioral weight loss interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or self-help groups. One study found that individuals who received hypnotherapy experienced greater weight loss than those who participated in a self-help program, with the hypnosis group losing an average of 17 pounds compared to the self-help group's 0.5-pound loss [21]. Another study reported that hypnosis combined with CBT led to more significant weight loss than CBT alone [22].

B. Hypnosis as an adjunct to traditional weight loss methods

Other studies have examined the benefits of adding hypnosis to traditional weight loss methods, such as diet and exercise. A meta-analysis of 18 studies found that individuals who used hypnosis as an adjunct to other weight loss interventions lost more weight than those who relied solely on diet and exercise [23]. In addition, participants who continued to use hypnosis even after their formal weight loss program ended were more likely to maintain their weight loss over time [24].

C. The role of hypnotizability

Hypnotizability, or an individual's susceptibility to hypnotic suggestions, may also play a role in the effectiveness of hypnosis for weight loss. Some research has found that individuals with higher hypnotizability scores are more likely to achieve greater weight loss through hypnosis [25]. This highlights the importance of assessing hypnotizability as part of the initial consultation with a hypnotherapist to ensure that hypnosis is an appropriate and effective tool for each client.

D. Long-term weight loss maintenance

One of the significant challenges in weight loss is maintaining the weight loss over time. Research has shown that individuals who use hypnosis as part of their weight loss plan are more likely to maintain their weight loss in the long term [24]. This suggests that hypnosis may have lasting effects on the mental aspects of weight loss, helping individuals develop healthier habits and behaviors that support long-term weight management.

E. Limitations and future research

While many studies have demonstrated positive outcomes for hypnosis in weight loss, more research is needed to determine the optimal methods and techniques for incorporating hypnosis into weight loss programs. In addition, further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of hypnosis on weight management and its potential for preventing weight regain.

In conclusion, the current body of research on hypnosis and weight loss supports the use of hypnosis as an effective tool for weight loss, both as a standalone intervention and as an adjunct to traditional weight loss methods. By targeting the mental aspects of weight loss and fostering lasting behavioral changes, hypnosis has the potential to improve weight loss outcomes and support long-term weight management.

Combining Hypnosis with Other Weight Loss Strategies

To maximize the effectiveness of hypnosis in weight loss and obesity management, it is essential to combine hypnotherapy with other evidence-based weight loss strategies.

This comprehensive approach not only addresses the psychological factors associated with weight gain but also incorporates behavioral and lifestyle changes necessary for successful long-term weight management.

A. Healthy diet

Hypnosis can help individuals develop healthier eating habits by targeting specific behaviors, such as emotional eating or portion control [12][13]. However, it is also crucial to incorporate a balanced, nutrient-rich diet to support weight loss efforts. Working with a registered dietitian or nutritionist can help individuals develop a personalized meal plan that aligns with their weight loss goals and dietary needs [20].

B. Regular exercise

Physical activity is a critical component of any weight loss program, as it helps individuals burn calories, maintain muscle mass, and improve overall health. Hypnosis can be used to increase motivation for exercise and address any barriers that may prevent regular physical activity [15]. Combining hypnosis with a structured exercise plan developed by a certified fitness professional can further enhance the effectiveness of a weight loss program.

C. Support from healthcare professionals

Weight loss and obesity management often require ongoing support and guidance from healthcare professionals, such as physicians, dietitians, and psychologists [20]. By working closely with a multidisciplinary team, individuals can receive the comprehensive care needed to address both the physical and psychological aspects of weight loss. In addition, healthcare professionals can help monitor progress, provide feedback, and adjust the weight loss plan as needed to ensure continued success.

D. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

CBT is a well-established psychological intervention that can be highly effective in addressing the cognitive and behavioral aspects of weight loss [22]. Combining hypnosis with CBT can enhance the effectiveness of both interventions, as hypnosis can be used to reinforce the cognitive restructuring and behavioral change strategies taught in CBT sessions [14]. This integrated approach allows individuals to address the underlying beliefs and thought patterns that contribute to weight gain while also developing new, healthier habits.

E. Mindfulness and stress management

Stress and emotional eating are common barriers to successful weight loss [12]. Incorporating mindfulness practices, such as meditation or deep breathing exercises, can help individuals develop more effective coping strategies and reduce the likelihood of stress-related weight gain. In addition, hypnosis can be used to promote relaxation and stress reduction, further supporting weight loss efforts [13].

In conclusion, combining hypnosis with other evidence-based weight loss strategies can significantly improve the likelihood of long-term weight loss success. By addressing the psychological factors associated with weight gain and incorporating behavioral and lifestyle changes, individuals can develop a comprehensive weight loss plan that supports lasting weight management.

Finding a Certified Hypnotherapist

Free medical consultation
*free UK calling (home phone/smartphone).

 

When considering hypnosis as a weight loss tool, it is crucial to find a qualified and certified hypnotherapist.

Working with an experienced professional ensures that the hypnosis sessions are conducted safely, effectively, and tailored to the individual's unique needs and goals.

This section will outline some key steps in finding a certified hypnotherapist to guide the weight loss journey.

A. Professional certifications and affiliations

Certification is an essential factor in choosing a hypnotherapist, as it demonstrates that the practitioner has met specific education and training requirements. In the United States, the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis (ASCH) and the National Guild of Hypnotists (NGH) are two reputable organizations that provide certification programs for hypnotherapists [26][27]. Ensure that the hypnotherapist you choose has obtained certification from a recognized professional organization.

B. Specialization in weight loss and obesity management

Hypnotherapists may specialize in various areas, such as pain management, anxiety, or smoking cessation. It is essential to choose a hypnotherapist who has experience and expertise in weight loss and obesity management, as they will be more familiar with the specific challenges and strategies associated with these issues [20]. Make sure to inquire about the practitioner's experience in this area during the initial consultation.

C. Client testimonials and references

Testimonials and references from previous clients can provide valuable insight into the effectiveness of a hypnotherapist's approach and their ability to support clients in achieving their weight loss goals. Ask the hypnotherapist for references or search online for reviews and testimonials from previous clients.

D. Initial consultation

Before starting any hypnotherapy sessions, it is essential to schedule an initial consultation with the hypnotherapist. This consultation allows the practitioner to assess your needs, discuss your weight loss goals, and determine whether hypnosis is an appropriate intervention for you [28]. Additionally, this consultation provides an opportunity to ask questions, address any concerns, and establish a rapport with the hypnotherapist.

E. Ongoing support and collaboration with healthcare professionals

As mentioned earlier, weight loss and obesity management often require ongoing support and guidance from healthcare professionals, such as physicians, dietitians, and psychologists [20]. Ensure that the hypnotherapist you choose is willing to collaborate with your healthcare team and provide the necessary support throughout your weight loss journey.

In conclusion, finding a certified and experienced hypnotherapist specializing in weight loss and obesity management is a crucial step in incorporating hypnosis into your weight loss plan. By following these guidelines and carefully selecting a qualified professional, you can optimize the effectiveness of hypnosis and achieve lasting weight loss success.

Conclusion

In conclusion, hypnosis has the potential to play a significant role in weight loss and obesity management by addressing the psychological factors associated with weight gain and promoting healthier habits [2][12].

Combining hypnosis with other evidence-based weight loss strategies, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, support from healthcare professionals, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and mindfulness practices, can further enhance the effectiveness of a weight loss program [13][20].

Studies have shown promising results, demonstrating the potential benefits of hypnosis in weight loss interventions [21][23].

However, more research is needed to fully understand its long-term efficacy and the specific mechanisms through which it contributes to weight loss. When considering hypnosis as a weight loss tool, it is crucial to find a certified and experienced hypnotherapist specializing in weight loss and obesity management [26].

Establishing a trusting relationship and open communication with the hypnotherapist ensures a personalized and effective treatment plan [28].

By incorporating hypnosis into a comprehensive weight loss plan and working closely with qualified professionals, individuals can improve their chances of achieving lasting weight loss success and overall health improvement.

Sources

  1. World Health Organization. (2020). Obesity and overweight. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
  2.  Kirsch, I. (1996). Hypnotic enhancement of cognitive-behavioral weight loss treatments: Another meta-reanalysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(3), 517-519. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8698945/
  3.  Alladin, A. (2016). Integrative CBT for anxiety disorders: An evidence-based approach to enhancing cognitive-behavioral therapy with mindfulness and hypnotherapy. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
  4.  Nash, M. R., & Barnier, A. J. (2008). The Oxford handbook of hypnosis: Theory, research, and practice. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  5.  Cochrane, G., & Friesen, J. (1986). Hypnotherapy in weight loss treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54(4), 489-492.
  6. Lynn, S. J., & Green, J. P. (2011). The Sociocognitive and Dissociation Theories of Hypnosis: Toward a Rapprochement. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 59(3), 277-293. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2011-11520-001
  7.  Kihlstrom, J. F. (2008). The domain ofhypnosis, revisited. In M. R. Nash & A. J. Barnier (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of hypnosis: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 21-52). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. https://awspntest.apa.org/record/2007-19668-002
  8.  Raz, A. (2005). Attention and hypnosis: Neural substrates and genetic associations of two converging processes. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 53(3), 237-258.
  9.  Oakley, D. A., & Halligan, P. W. (2013). Hypnotic suggestion: Opportunities for cognitive neuroscience. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 14(8), 565-576.
  10.  Kosslyn, S. M., Thompson, W. L., Costantini-Ferrando, M. F., Alpert, N. M., & Spiegel, D. (2000). Hypnotic visual illusion alters color processing in the brain. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(8), 1279-1284. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10910791/
  11.  Mann, T., Tomiyama, A.J., Westling, E., Lew, A., Samuels, B., & Chatman, J. (2007). Medicare's search for effective obesity treatments: Diets are not the answer. American Psychologist, 62(3), 220-233.
  12.  van Strien, T. (2018). Causes of emotional eating and matched treatment of obesity. Current Diabetes Reports, 18(4), 35.
  13. Olson, K. L., & Emery, C. F. (2015). Mindfulness and weight loss: A systematic review. Psychosomatic Medicine, 77(1), 59-67.
  14.  Alladin, A., & Sabatini, L. (2012). Cognitive hypnotherapy for emotional disorders: A theory-driven framework. Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies, 12(2), 147-164.
  15. Anbar, R. D., & Geisler, S. C. (2005). Rapid induction analgesia for the alleviation of procedural pain during voluntary termination of pregnancy using manual vacuum aspiration. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 48(2-3), 171-178.
  16. Elkins, G., & Perfect, M. M. (2008). Hypnosis for health-compromising behaviors. In M. R. Nash & A. J. Barnier (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of hypnosis: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 661-674). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  17.  Wadden, T. A., & Butryn, M. L. (2003). Behavioral treatment of obesity . Endocrinology and Metabol931-968.
  18. Kirsch, I. (1996). Hypnotic enhancement of cognitive-behavioral weight loss treatments: Another meta-reanalysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(3), 517-519.
  19.  Jensen, M. P., & Patterson, D. R. (2014). Hypnotic approaches for chronic pain management: Clinical implications of recent research findings. American Psychologist, 69(2), 167-177.
  20. MacLaren, V. V. (2004). A quantitative review of the effects of hypnosis on weight loss. Psychological Reports, 94(3), 1023-1035.
  21.  Kirsch, I. (1996). Hypnotic enhancement of cognitive-behavioral weight loss treatments: Another meta-reanalysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(3), 517-519.
  22.  Alladin, A., & Sabatini, L. (2012). Cognitive hypnotherapy for emotional disorders: A theory-driven framework. Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies, 12(2), 147-164.
  23. Allison, D. B., & Faith, M. S. (1996). Hypnosis as an adjunct to cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for obesity: A meta-analytic reappraisal.
  24.  Kirsch, I., Montgomery, G., & Sapirstein, G. (1995). Hypnosis as an adjunct to cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy: A meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63(2), 214-220.
  25. Milling, L. S., Shores, J. S., Coursen, E. L., Menario, D. J., & Farris, C. D. (2007). Response expectancies, treatment credibility, and hypnotic suggestibility: Mediator and moderator effects in hypnotic and cognitive-behavioral pain interventions. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 33(2), 167-178.
  26. American Society of Clinical Hypnosis. (n.d.). About ASCH. Retrieved from https://www.asch.net/AboutASCH.aspx
  27.  National Guild of Hypnotists. (n.d.). Certification. Retrieved from https://www.ngh.net/certification/
  28. Allison, D. B., & Faith, M. S. (1996). Hypnosis as an adjunct to cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for obesity: A meta-analytic reappraisal. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(3), 513-516.
Free medical consultation
*free UK calling (home phone/smartphone).

 

Le guide des hôpitaux et cliniques de France.

Recherchez parmi les 1335 établissements